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Measurements in Agro-ecologic Micrometeorology Need New Model of Multi-component Reacting Gaseous Flow
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
51-55
Received:
30 October 2016
Accepted:
8 December 2016
Published:
18 October 2017
Abstract: New approach to the electrification measurements in agro-ecologic micrometeorology is suggested on the bases of new turbulent model of the flow. Analytical dynamic model of the turbulent multi-component flow in the three-layer boundary system is presented. Turbulence is simulated by the non-zero vorticity, but not only. Other mathematical aspects of the turbulence are an introducing new model of the material point and considering a torsion of their trajectories. The generalized advection-diffusion-reaction equation is derived for an arbitrary number of components in the flow. The flows in the layers are objects for matching requirements on the boundaries between the layers. Different types of transport mechanisms are dominant on the different levels of the layers and space scales. The same models of mass and energy transfer are instrumental in rural electrification concepts.
Abstract: New approach to the electrification measurements in agro-ecologic micrometeorology is suggested on the bases of new turbulent model of the flow. Analytical dynamic model of the turbulent multi-component flow in the three-layer boundary system is presented. Turbulence is simulated by the non-zero vorticity, but not only. Other mathematical aspects o...
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Design and Construction of a Cycle with Power Generator Resistance as Load for Aerobic Exercise
Ominyi Daniel Sunday,
Amah Alexander Nwabueze,
Ahemen Iorkya,
Agada Inikpi Ojochenemi
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
56-62
Received:
25 April 2017
Accepted:
18 May 2017
Published:
19 October 2017
Abstract: This work was concerned with the design and construction of an exercise cycle with power generator resistance as load for aerobic exercise. The cycle was designed based on the operational requirements of the cycle. The structure support base was constructed using the electric arc welding technique, while the structure frame parts were assembled together on the base support with the aid of bolt and nut joint technique. The generator was placed in contact with cycle wheel and its output terminals connected to a wet cell battery. An ergo-metric experiment was carried out using the cycle with a user weighing 71.6 kg. The rider pedaled for exercise uninterruptedly for 10 minutes at the lowest speed of 72 rpm. The output voltage and current of the power generator were then read using multi-meter. The values were used to evaluate the electromagnetic resistance developed in the rotating armature of the power generator using relevant equations. The relationship between the resistance developed and other performance parameters were also identified and established. The experiment was repeated at various speeds and the corresponding resistance identified. These results collected were tabulated and their analysis with other measuring pairs established. The analysis shows that: the performance parameters varied directly proportional with the electromagnetic resistance; this validate the variability of the resistance mechanism. The exercise efficiency at various speeds does not vary distinctly from 51%; this indicates that the pedaling speed of 72 rpm is appropriate for exercise using this cycle. The total calories burnt (671.1 Kcal) conform to the acceptable standard range (70 Kcal – 1500Kcal) per day; it therefore validates the function of this exercise device as appropriate for aerobic exercise.
Abstract: This work was concerned with the design and construction of an exercise cycle with power generator resistance as load for aerobic exercise. The cycle was designed based on the operational requirements of the cycle. The structure support base was constructed using the electric arc welding technique, while the structure frame parts were assembled tog...
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Bioplastics as Better Alternative to Petroplastics and Their Role in National Sustainability: A Review
Ibrahim Muhammad Shamsuddin,
Jafar Ahmad Jafar,
Abubakar Sadiq Abdulrahman Shawai,
Saleh Yusuf,
Mahmud Lateefah,
Ibrahim Aminu
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
63-70
Received:
5 April 2017
Accepted:
17 April 2017
Published:
19 October 2017
Abstract: As a result of increasing environmental concerns/legislative pressure for dumping of non-biodegradable plastics in landfills and rapid increases in the cost of petroleum, the development of “environmental friendly” materials has attracted extensive interest. Recently, bioplastics are one of the most innovative environmental friendly materials developed. This review paper is intended to provide information about alternative to conventional plastics for the betterment of earth environment. They have some advantages such as lower carbon footprint, independence, energy efficiency, and eco-safety. For the sustainability, recycling systems and production technology may be developed for bioplastics and by-product should be used for their production. It is concluded that the use of bioplastics will help in sustainability and national development thus, making the environment less overwhelmed with greenhouse gases and reduction of waste biomas. And finally recommended by the reviewers that use of biomas for plastics production should be embraced especially those found to be biodegradable and use of petroplastics be incapacitated.
Abstract: As a result of increasing environmental concerns/legislative pressure for dumping of non-biodegradable plastics in landfills and rapid increases in the cost of petroleum, the development of “environmental friendly” materials has attracted extensive interest. Recently, bioplastics are one of the most innovative environmental friendly materials devel...
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The Peristaltic Motion inside a Vertical Cylindrical Tube Surrounded Vapour Bubble with Two-Phase Density Flow
S. A. Mohammadein,
A. K. Abu-Nab,
G. A. Shalaby
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2017
Pages:
71-77
Received:
21 March 2017
Accepted:
19 April 2017
Published:
19 October 2017
Abstract: The paper presents the growth of vapour bubble in a viscous, superheated liquid. The growth of vapour bubble between two-phase density flow in a vertical cylindrical tube under the effect of peristaltic motion of long wavelength and low Reynolds number is studied. The mathematical model is formulated by mass, momentum, and heat equations. The analytical solution is obtained for temperature and velocity distribution under the effect of different physical parameters. The growth process is studied under the affected of density ratio ε and amplitude ratio e. Moreover, the relation between the bubble radius R with the density ratio E, and amplitude ratio eare obtained. Theseresults agreement with some previous theoretical efforts.
Abstract: The paper presents the growth of vapour bubble in a viscous, superheated liquid. The growth of vapour bubble between two-phase density flow in a vertical cylindrical tube under the effect of peristaltic motion of long wavelength and low Reynolds number is studied. The mathematical model is formulated by mass, momentum, and heat equations. The analy...
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